Mitosis+-+Meiosis

**Cell Division Vocabulary**

[|CrashCourse Video] [|The Amoeba Sisters Cell Cycle] [|The Amoeba Sisters Mitosis]

**This section is from pages 279 - 285**

[|Bozeman - Cell Division] [|McGraw Hill Cell Cycle] [|McGraw Hill Mitosis] [|Bozeman - Mitosis]

Cell Cycle - Series of events throughout the life of the cell. Draw the cell cylce, Interphase - The longest phase of the cell cycle. The majority of the cells lifetime is spent in Interphase. During Interphase the cell is doing it's job. G1 - Gap 1 - The cell doubles in size. S - synthesis - The DNA is copied. G2 - Gap 2 - The organelles are copied. M - mitosis - Nuclear Division Cytokinesis - Cytoplasm Division

Chromosomes - Tightly coiled strands of DNA and proteins. Present during cell division. Chromatin - Loosely coiled strands of DNA. Present during the rest of the cell cycle.

Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus. Eukaryotes do have a nucleus.

Plasmid - Circular ring of DNA found in Prokaryotes.

Mitosis - Nuclear division that creates 2 identical daughter cells. Mitosis has 4 Phases
 * PMAT** - **P**rophase, **M**etaphase, **A**naphase and **T**elophase
 * Prophase** - 1st phase of Mitosis, Chromosomes condense, Nucleolus dissolves, Nuclear membrane (envelope) dissolves, Centrosomes form, Spindle Fibers form.
 * Metaphase** - 2nd phase of Mitosis, Chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell.
 * Anaphase** - 3rd phase of mitosis, Chromatids of each chromosome separate at the centromere, Chromatids are pulled toward opposite poles.
 * Telophase** - 4th and final phase of Mitosis, Chromatids reach the poles, Chromosomes dissolve, Nucleolus forms, Nuclear membrane (envelope) forms, Centrosomes dissolve, Spindle Fibers dissolve.

Centrosomes - Structures used during cell division to help move the chromosomes. Spindle fibers - Microfilaments (protein string) that are used during cell division. Chromatid - Each half of a chromosome. Centromere - Point that attaches 2 chromatids together.