RNA


 * 13.1 Notes**
 * Recall from last section Nucleic Acids are a type of essential organic compound that is made up of C-H-O-P-N ( Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorous and Nitrogen.)
 * Recall from last section Nucleic Acids are composed of monomers called Nucleotides.
 * Recall from last section Nucleotides are made up of 3 parts: 5-C sugar, Phosphate group and a Nitrogenous base
 * **RNA – RiboNucleic Acid**: Nucleic Acid that is responsible for making proteins. It may be found in the Nucleus, Cytoplasm and Ribosomes.
 * RNA is a single strand, not a double helix like DNA.
 * Instead of Deoxyribose as in DNA, RNA has Ribose as it’s 5-C sugar.
 * RNA has 4 Nitrogen bases as does DNA, but they do differ:
 * o Both RNA and DNA have Guanine, Cytosine and Adenine.
 * o RNA has Uracil and DNA has Thymine
 * **mRNA – messenger RNA**: RNA that carries the instructions from the nucleus out to the cytoplasm
 * **tRNA – transfer RNA**: RNA that carries amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes.
 * **rRNA – ribosomal RNA**: RNA that hooks amino acids together with peptide bonds to form proteins
 * **Transcription**: Process of creating a strand of RNA from the information on DNA
 * **RNA Polymerase**: Enzyme that controls transcription
 * **Promoters**: regions of DNA that RNA polymerase attaches to
 * **Introns:** pieces of mRNA that are cut out and discarded during editing
 * **Exons**: pieces of mRNA left after editing is done.

[|13.1 Quizlet]