Chapter+18

Taxonomy - the science of organizing or classifying organisms. Classification - grouping things based on commonalities Aristotle - Greek Philosopher - 1st Classification system 2 Kingdoms Plants - Green and do not move - 3 categories based on stems Herbs - Soft green stems Shrubs - Multiple woody stems Trees - Single woody stem Animals - Not green and do move - 3 categories based on where they lived Air Dwelling Water Dwelling Land Dwelling 1) Names in Latin, a dead language that will not change 2) Names based on characteristics, the name actually describes the organism 3) More categories 7 heirarchies of classification Kingdom Kings Phylum Play Class Cards Order On Family Fine Genus Green Sofas species - the species name must ALWAYS be lowercase Scientific name is composed of the Genus and species of an organism - ex. Homo sapiens The scientific name is better that the common name because it is the same everywhere, there is no error. Linnaeus had 5 Kingdoms, we now have 6. **
 * Carolus Linnaeus - made changes to Aristoitles system

Monera was split into archaea/ eubacteria.
 * Chemosynthesis-- using chemicals to make food; similar to photosynthesis

Scientific names- only genus and species[lower case for species always]

Symbiont- organisms that lives in close association with others

Pathogens- Disease causing bacteria

Saprotroph: organism that can break down dead material ** Archaebacteria
 * __Kingdom__ || __Cell type__ || __Number of cells__ || __Nutrition__ || __Motility __ ||
 * [[image:http://www.tolweb.org/tree/ToLimages/411589660_e960803a8b_o.100a.jpg link="javascript:popup_window_3;"]]

|| Prokaryotic

|| Unicellular

|| Autotrophs -Chemosynthetic Heterotrophs free living symbionts pathogens

|| <span style="font-size: 150%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">Y || Eubacteria ** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">**Prokaryotic** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">**Unicellular** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">Autotrophs
 * **<span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">[[image:http://ac4.yt-thm-a01.yimg.com/image/05f4866719afb97a width="152" height="117" link="http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0geu6N5QrVJ9PQApdRXNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTB0MzBnYzEzBHNlYwNzYwRjb2xvA2FjMgR2dGlkA1FSVzJfMTI2/SIG=1p9ag4fap/EXP=1236702201/**http%3a//images.search.yahoo.com/images/view%3fback=http%253A%252F%252Fsearch.yahoo.com%252Fsearch%253Fei%253DUTF-8%2526p%253Dpicture%252Bof%252Bstreptococcus%26w=330%26h=213%26imgurl=wishart.biology.ualberta.ca%252FBacMap%252Fincludes%252Fspecies%252FStreptococcus_pneumoniae.png%26size=143.2kB%26name=Streptococcus_pneumoniae.png%26rcurl=http%253A%252F%252Fwishart.biology.ualberta.ca%252FBacMap%252Fcgi%252FgetSpeciesCard.cgi%253Faccession%253DNC_003028%2526ref%253Dindex_2.html%26rurl=http%253A%252F%252Fwishart.biology.ualberta.ca%252FBacMap%252Fcgi%252FgetSpeciesCard.cgi%253Faccession%253DNC_003028%2526ref%253Dindex_2.html%26p=streptococcus%26type=png%26no=2%26tt=13%252C349%26oid=05f4866719afb97a%26tit=Streptococcus_pneumoniae.png%26sigr=1352sb4kt%26sigi=12gokl69d%26sigb=122kekne2"]]

-Photosynthetic and Chemosynthetic

Heterotrophs -Free living and Parasitic -Pathogens -symbionts - Saprotrophs || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">Y || Protista** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">**Eukaryotic** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">**Both Unicellular and Multicellular** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">Autotrophs -Photosynthetic Heterotrophs -Free living and Parasitic -Saprotrophs -pathogens || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">Y/N || Fungi** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">**Eukaryotic** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">**Both Unicellular and Multicellular** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">Heterotrophs -Saprotrophs
 * <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">**[[image:http://www.rkm.com.au/imagelibrary/thumbnails/PARAMECIUM-150.jpg width="140" height="183" align="bottom" caption="Paramecium illustration"]]
 * <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">**[[image:http://www.naturallist.com/dstyng2.jpg width="141" height="173"]]

Pathogen || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">N || -Photosynthetic || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">N || Anamalia ** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">**Eukaryotic** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">**Multicellular** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">Heterotrophs -Free living and Parasitic || <span style="font-size: 150%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;"> Y ||
 * <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">[[image:http://www2.junglemusic.net/gallery2/gallery//large/palms/acanthophoenix_crinita_001.GIF width="142" height="180" link="http://www2.junglemusic.net/gallery2/gallery//large/palms/acanthophoenix_crinita_001.GIF"]]
 * Plantae** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">**Eukaryotic** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">**Multicellular** || <span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">Autotrophs
 * **<span style="font-size: 160%; font-family: 'Arial Black', Gadget, sans-serif;">[[image:http://ac4.yt-thm-a01.yimg.com/image/60c112b36a85b2d8 width="145" height="109" link="http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0geu5AvQrVJLQQBp49XNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTB0MzBnYzEzBHNlYwNzYwRjb2xvA2FjMgR2dGlkA1FSVzJfMTI2/SIG=1k35ab1jc/EXP=1236702127/**http%3a//images.search.yahoo.com/images/view%3fback=http%253A%252F%252Fsearch.yahoo.com%252Fsearch%253Fei%253DUTF-8%2526p%253Dpicture%252Bof%252Belephant%26w=600%26h=420%26imgurl=www.freespiritart.com%252Fimages%252Felephant-power.jpg%26size=54.1kB%26name=elephant-power.jpg%26rcurl=http%253A%252F%252Fwww.care2.com%252Fc2c%252Fpeople%252Fprofile.html%253Fpid%253D960210868%26rurl=http%253A%252F%252Fwww.care2.com%252Fc2c%252Fpeople%252Fprofile.html%253Fpid%253D960210868%26p=elephant%26type=jpeg%26no=3%26tt=3%252C061%252C988%26oid=60c112b36a85b2d8%26tit=elephant-power.jpg%26sigr=11q32n3gm%26sigi=11f02bvcj%26sigb=11tp4702c"]]